if you have one group v another group to do a task, game or challange it encourages team work, using eachothers strengths, building confidence, co operation. basically the children in each group will support eachother to try and be the winning team. The loosing team may support eachother by giving eachother reasurance, the winning team by giving eachother praise. you can encourage this by giving praise when children work well together.
if you have activities such as a race, you might see children cheering eachother on, building self confidence, giving eachother feedback, advice on how to improve and praise for their efforts. you can do a review of the activity in circle time afterwards.
you can talk about bruner (i think) who says its an adults job to provide children with a problem/task (cat has no where to sleep first team to make a successful bed wins) and help to the top of a problem (open ended questions-where do cats like to sleep?). you can say the winner will be the group that worked together best etc.
you can also talk about bandura who says children learn from observing others, one thing you might see in group challenges is one child showing another how to do something. so therefore by you being a good role modle as well the children will copy you, if you are seen telling a child they have done well you might see the children repeating what you said. You being proud of them will help them be proud of themselfs and of eachother.
encourage friendship of the children, talk about being kind, helping eachother, maybe use a story sack to illerstrate the importance of being friendly. If one of the children are not doing well in the activity and the other children are their friends they are more likely to support the child struggling.
telling the children about achievments they have made and encouraging them to clap, will help them feel proud of eachother.
pairing up children with higher and lower ability, or those who usually wouldnt play together might encourage them to support eachother, for example the child with higher ability might help the one with lower ability more than if it were two children with lower ability doing the task. Likewise two children with higher ability might both want to be in charge and find it harder to work together.
hope this helps
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