dont understand theories? =/

[TAM14]

Produce a report to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of different theories of development. This report should identify how these theories have influenced current practice and include the following:

* cognitive
* psychoanalytical
* humanist
* social learning
* operant conditioning
* behaviourist
* social pedagogy

[lyn c]

hi
have a look at these threads they will give you a good start:

http://www.silkysteps.com/forum/show...sts+influences

http://www.silkysteps.com/forum/show...ight=theorists

http://www.silkysteps.com/forum/show...ight=theorists

http://www.silkysteps.com/forum/show...es+development

Plenty more if you put a search in the search bar at the top of the home page

Hope it gives you ideas

Lynne x

[Ruthierhyme]

Hi, welcome to the site

The links will help, access to a handbook and any reading literature recommended by your assessor/tutor will be useful.

This list will help link theory to current practice .. page 145 Collins handbook

Major influences on current practice
Although most of these theories were originally developed many years ago, it is important to remember that research into child dvelopment is an ongoing process. Work with children and young people is constantly influenced by new ideas which are based on established theory.

Constructivist:
--- Piaget .. the importance of hands on experience, play and active learning
--- Vygotsky .. The importance of adults scaffolding children's learning and asking open ended questions
--- Bruner

Behaviourist:
The importance of priase, encouragement and positive reinformment for encouraging acceptable behaviours.
--- Pavlov
--- Watson
--- Skinner

Reward systems, sanctions / consequences are also a result of behavioural theory.

Social learning theory:
--- Bandura - the importance of being a role model for children

Psychoanalytical theory:
--- Freud - understanding how the unconcious mind can influence children's behaviour - eg. fears and phobias
--- Erikson

Humanist:
--- Maslow - The importance of satisfying children's basic needs in order for them to develop and learn.

Attachment:
--- Bowlby - the importance of strong attachments and the key person system

[/quote]

Social pedagogy is a framework of holistic care, seeing the child as a whole - what is social pedagogy on fostering.net

on page 140 of the collins handbook:
Social pedagogy seeks to bring together theories and concepts from psychology, sociology and education to create a holistic way of working with children and young people.

Hth

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CYP 31. understand child and young person development
2.3 explain how theories of development and frameworks to support development influence current practice

[noreenimran]

I am stuck in summarise theories of attachments.... Please help meeee

[Ruthierhyme]

Hi, you will need to research the work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth,

Theory of attachment looks at the feelings involved between a child and another singular person, people and also objects, it offers evidence for the possible reasons as to why attachments happen.

How children learn book 1 puon amazon.co.uk is supportive reading.


Theorists theory and models forum thread

This quote is from page 16 and 17 of the Unit 1 sample chapter

Understand the significance of attachment to children’s development
Theories of attachment
There are a number of different theories of attachment that you should be aware of when considering children’s overall development. Attachment theory is important as it affects a child’s social and emotional development long term.

John Bowlby’s theory of attachment
John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst like Freud. He recognised and devised one of the most important theories, which is that of attachment. He stated that a child is influenced the most by their relationship with their primary carer (in most cases, their mother).

Here are the main aspects of his theory.

• Babies have an innate need to attach to one main person. This is called a monotropic attachment, and will need to be established during the first 6 months of life.
• A child will need to have continual care from this person for around the first two years of life; this is a critical period. Any kind of disruption during this period will have long-lasting effects on the child’s overall development such as depression, increased aggression or affectionless psychopathy (showing no guilt for antisocial behaviour).
• Secure attachment is more likely to be provided through the child’s family than anywhere else.

Mary Ainsworth’s studies of attachment behaviour
Following John Bowlby, other theories have emerged around attachment. Mary Ainsworth, a student of Bowlby, was a psychologist who devised an experiment that focused on the different forms of attachment shown between mothers and infants.

In this experiment, called ‘The strange situation’, the behaviour of a child aged 12-18 months was observed in a series of seven different situations.

1. Parent and infant alone.
2. Stranger joins parent and infant.
3. Parent leaves infant and stranger alone.
4. Parent returns and stranger leaves.
5. Parent leaves; infant left completely alone.
6. Stranger returns.
7. Parent returns and stranger leaves.

Ainsworth wrote about three main attachment styles.

• Anxious-avoidant – The baby largely ignores the parent, and continues to play when the parent leaves, showing little distress. The baby ignores or avoids the parent when they return. The baby doesn’t like being alone but can be comforted by a stranger.

• Securely attached – The baby plays while the parent is present, but plays less when the parent leaves, showing some distress. When the parent returns, the baby is comforted easily and carries on playing. The baby cries when alone but can be comforted to some extent by a stranger. The baby’s reactions towards parents and strangers are noticeably different.

• Anxious-resistant – The baby is wary and explores less than other types. The baby is very distressed when the parent leaves and actively resists the stranger’s attempts to comfort. When the parent returns, the baby wants immediate contact but is ambivalent, showing frustration and anger alongside clinginess; for example, wanting to be held but the immediately struggling to get down.

Ainsworth thought that the child’s behaviour was determined by their early attachment with their mother. For example, where parents could predict their baby’s needs and frustrations, the baby showed securely attached behaviour, happy to explore a strange environment, knowing that their parent was a safe ‘base’ for them to return to. Ainsworth found that a high percentage of children (70%) formed a secure attachment like this. However, when upset by the departure of their parent, they will only be comforted
by the parent’s return.



Table 1.1: Links between childcare practice and theories of child development.

Observation and assessment - links to all and is applied by: All theories of child development are based on observation and the way in which children react in different situations. You will need to observe children so that you can assess their progress and plan for their future needs.


Planning and evaluation - links to Piaget and is applied by: Piaget emphasised the importance of extending children’s experiences, so that they are able to see things in different ways and challenge their ideas. This theory may influence the way in which you plan and evaluate work with children.


Effective communication - links to Bowlby and is applied: Bowlby’s attachment theory affects the way in which our confidence develops and we are able to relate to others. This may be seen in the way in which young children can develop relationships and communicate with others.


Behaviour analysis - links to Skinner and Pavlov and is applied: Behaviour analysis is based on the way in which the child’s behaviour is affected by the environment and how we respond to their behaviour. Both Skinner and Pavlov’s theories show that we can influence behaviour in different ways.


Planning or structure of educational programme - links to Gardner and is applied: Both Gardner’s and Bronfenbrenner’s influence affects the way in which we present activities to children and shows the importance of doing this in different ways to appeal to different learning styles and environmental stimuli.


Consultation and intervention - links to Pavlov and is applied: Pavlov’s influence can be seen in the use of intervention as it shows that some aspects of behaviour and development can be taught or modified.


Environment and resources - links to Reggio Emilia and Bronfenbrenner and is applied: Reggio Emilia’s influence can be seen particularly in the EYFS framework, which emphasises the importance of children’s own interests being followed. Bronfenbrenner’s influence can be seen in the development of the learning environment, particularly the outside classroom.


Partnership working and referral - links to all and is applied: Where children are a cause for concern and all agencies work together to support them, there is potential for all theories to influence practice, depending on the needs of the child.


Best wishes xx

[kbjlove]

Sorry to jump on the post but new to silky steps and not sure how to use it!
I'm doing my Level 3 Early Years Educator Course and stuck on theories!

The theories I was given were

Cognative
Humanist
Social Learning
Constructivist
Behaviourist

Explain how the theories researched inform current practice in relation to;
-child behaviour
-enabling environments
-practitioner interaction

I'm stuck with the Explain how the inform current practice!
Any help please????

[Ruthierhyme]

Hi, a very warm welcome to the site. You will understand them once you've researched :) xx

What books have you been recommended and have you been able to ask your tutor about the learning you'll receive for them?

Page 282 of this Early Years Educator textbook looks at the different concepts, ideas and evidence theorists have about the way children learn and develop.

Ideally, if you have access to this child development book it will also help.

Best wishes