Hi, For question 1- There can be a dilemma between the rights and choices children make and health and safety, as the UN Convention on the rights of the child sets out children's rights (it may be useful to get a copy and to quote parts). children have the right to make their own choices and to take risks, however, as practitioners we have a duty of care towards the children to keep them safe, and to follow health and safety requirements.
There can be a dilemma if a child wants to jump off of a high up object and you know it is not safe to do so. It is important to take a balanced approach by assessing the situation and weighing up the level of risk, as it is imperative to allow children to take reasonable risk.
To promote children's health and well being would be to ensure the environment is safe, secure and caring, in order to provide a nurturing, enabling environment the children need to be listened to and cared for and protected from harm. I would discuss how children's health and well being can be promoted with regards to physically, emotionally, developmentally and nutritionally.
This is just my thoughts on the 1st question, I hope this helps you. As for the 2nd question...my mind is now blocked, ha ha!, I hope someone else will be able to help you.