its your theorists on how children learn intellectual skills such as problem solving, and influences would be diet, genes, upbringing, reasorces, experiances, etc you could talk about nature v nurture.
for example reasurch shows that if a child has not got their basic needs met -one being sleep/rest then they can lack concentration (add quote) which in turn will effect their intellectual development as without good concentration they may not be able to problem solve etc. this reasurch influences practice as now our settings have routienes in place where there is an oppertunity for "quiet time" where the child is able to rest.
hope this helps
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